Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic cells leads to which disease?

Study for the Success! In Clinical Laboratory Science – Immunology Test. Prepare with flashcards and multiple choice questions, each question offers hints and explanations. Get ready for your exam!

Multiple Choice

Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic cells leads to which disease?

Explanation:
Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells leads to Type 1 diabetes. When the immune system targets the insulin-producing cells in the islets of Langerhans, insulin deficiency results, causing hyperglycemia and the need for lifelong insulin therapy. Other autoimmune diseases listed affect different tissues—Hashimoto disease targets the thyroid, multiple sclerosis affects central nervous system myelin, and myasthenia gravis involves antibodies at the neuromuscular junction—so they do not reflect destruction of pancreatic beta cells.

Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells leads to Type 1 diabetes. When the immune system targets the insulin-producing cells in the islets of Langerhans, insulin deficiency results, causing hyperglycemia and the need for lifelong insulin therapy. Other autoimmune diseases listed affect different tissues—Hashimoto disease targets the thyroid, multiple sclerosis affects central nervous system myelin, and myasthenia gravis involves antibodies at the neuromuscular junction—so they do not reflect destruction of pancreatic beta cells.

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